Chapter 23: Hope

Used to signal that the speaker is about to correct a misunderstanding or assert their position firmly. The tone can range from mildly stern to confrontational depending on context.

The reflexive construction hacerse + noun/adjective describes performing a role or pretending to be something. Used critically to call out someone who is grandstanding or taking unnecessary risks to look good.

Euphemistic in writing but understood as a vulgar idiom. Un par refers to a pair of testicles. Used to express that someone has shown remarkable courage or audacity, often with a tone of admiration mixed with surprise.

Follón means a row, mess, or shady affair. Meterse en follones describes a habit of involving oneself in problematic or murky situations. Plural form signals repeated or varied entanglements.

Diminutive of gallo (cockerel). Used to describe or mock someone who acts tough, aggressive, or overly self-confident. Often carries a slightly contemptuous or teasing tone.