Una fiesta, una canción

From chess (jaque = check), used figuratively to mean a position or situation is seriously threatened. Not guessable from 'jaque' alone unless the learner knows the chess term and its figurative extension in this context.

Very common fixed expression meaning to make an embarrassing mistake, usually social. 'Pata' literally means animal leg or paw, so the image is non-compositional for most learners.

A fixed idiomatic phrase meaning there is absolutely no alternative or escape. Origin is debated; the phrase is opaque and not guessable from its components. Used to close an argument emphatically.

A common proverb used sincerely or ironically to acknowledge that something is happening later than ideal but is still welcome. Fully fixed expression.

Literally 'free will' (a theological/philosophical term), used here in an educational context to describe a teaching philosophy of student autonomy. A learner may know 'libre' but not 'albedrío', making the phrase opaque.

Idiomatic use of 'encanto' (charm/appeal) in a reflexive-dative construction to mean that one's attractiveness or persuasive power has diminished. The phrase is non-compositional because 'irse el encanto' as a personal quality fading is not inferable word-by-word.